Study of the Effects of Compositional Constituents on the Physical Properties of Inorganic Halide Perovskite Thin Films Prepared via Spin-Coating Deposition Method

Abstract

Inorganic perovskite materials, for their high absorption coefficient, become attractive candidates for solar cell applications. Increasing efficiency of perovskite solar cell (PSC) devices increased attention to the launch of novel device configurations with these materials. Halide perovskite materials including CsPbIBr₂ demonstrate exceptional electro-optical and structural properties. In the present work, we provided a novel framework for the fabrication of CsPbIBr₂ thin films with physical properties sufficient for photovoltaic applications. Halide species play a crucial role in controlling the stability and efficiency of these devices. The CsPbIBr₂ thin films were prepared to study the effect of halide ions concentration on their physical properties. Thin films were deposited by spin-coating method with increasing concentrations of lead bromide in CsPbIBr₂ precursor solutions, and, after the deposition, the films were annealed at 120 °C. The prepared thin films were then characterized for conductivity type, structural, and optical properties for application in solar cell devices. XRD characterizations showed polycrystalline nature of thin films with diffraction peaks appearing at 15.2° and 30.4° for (100) and (200) planes. UV-VIS spectroscopy showed small variations in optical band gaps with varying precursor concentrations. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of C-H, C=C, N-H, and COO functional groups in prepared thin films. Hot-probe technique applied to determine conductivity type revealed stable intrinsic nature with no boosted variation. The obtained results on the physical properties of CsPbIBr₂ thin films indicated that they are better candidates for photovoltaic applications. The work also presents a facile new approach to prepare cost-effective, environment friendly, and highly efficient CsPbIBr₂ PSC devices.

Received: 8 August 2024 | Revised: 2 December 2024 | Accepted: 4 March 2025

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

Data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Author Contribution Statement

S. Jalil: Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Project administration. Ghulam Hasnain Tariq: Conceptualization, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition. S. Yaseen: Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization. Sana Ullah: Conceptualization, Validation, Formal analysis, Resources, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Visualization, Supervision, Funding acquisition. Muhammad Ijaz Khan: Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Visualization. Ghulam Asghar: Validation, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Visualization.