Implementation of Smart Contracts in Digital Education Systems

Abstract

The Blockchain is an emerging technology that is used in various applications for data security and trustworthiness. In the case of a public Blockchain, the data cannot be edited or deleted. In the case of a consortium and private Blockchain, the data can be edited or deleted based on the assigned permission, and the data privacy can be maintained. Blockchain's smart contract provides security to stored data, but it is vulnerable to various security threats. Smart contracts still suffer from different variabilities like distributed denial of service attacks (DDoS), 51% vulnerability attacks, double-spending problems, and mining Pool attacks. The smart contract, run on a Blockchain framework, is the logical contract between two or more anonymous people without involving a third party. Hyperledger and Ethereum are two important frameworks that support the development of smart contracts using Blockchain technology. This paper has tried to analyze the security issues of smart contracts developed on the Ethereum framework. An application of class scheduling management and student attendance management has been designed to validate and generate a smart contract.

Received: 31 May 2025 | Revised: 4 August 2025 | Accepted: 29 August 2025

Conflicts of Interest

The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work. 

Data Availability Statement

The data used in this article are virtual data to implement and to establish the algorithm. It is available in GitHub at https://github.com/ashisgitup/e-learning-Blockchain.git.

Author Contribution Statement

Ashis Kumar Samanta: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing — original draft, Writing — review & editing, Visualization, Project administration.