Journal of Comprehensive Business Administration Research

Intelligent System of Estimation of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and Investment Efficiency in the Economy with External Technology Gaps

Alexey Lopatin — 2023-12-20

This paper is the first to propose an aggregate S-trend factor production function to estimate total factor productivity (TFP) and investment efficiency in an economy. This function implements Charles R. Hulten's organizing principle: to what extent the growth of the economy is due to an increase in "productivity" (progress in technology and organization of production) and to what extent to "capital formation" (increased investment in human capital, knowledge and fixed capital). Estimation of future members of the series is usually done by a forecast model. It is a model that approximates a trend. The Verhulst's S-curve is used as the approximation function. Here A, B ,a are the parameters that change the shape of the S-curve, u, m are the parameters that change the position of the S-curve in the first quarter, t≥0. By aggregate S-trend production function we mean a two factor production function of the form z(t)= Here the function It represents the growth of the economy, which is by raw data and takes into account all influencing factors, and is certainly broader than the concept of " capital formation ", is a total factor productivity TFP. The error of approximation is quantitatively measured by the MAPE criterion.

Received: 12 October 2023 | Revised: 11 December 2023 | Accepted: 18 December 2023

Conflicts of Interest

The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Evaluating Financial Support of Governmental Institutions and Private Banks to SMEs and Farmers: Case of Tokat City

Murat Cal — 2024-01-09

Small-medium enterprises (SMEs) are one of the essential building blocks of the economy in every country. The ratio of these enterprises to employment is very high. The number of studies dealing with loans and grants efficiency or exploring problems in reaching funds is limited. In addition, there is no study comparing governmental and private loans and funds, and no study explicitly focusing on the Tokat region to explore the issues in the loan and funds mechanism. This study evaluates the financial support of governmental authorities and private banks to small-medium enterprises using the SERVQUAL scale in five dimensions. First, the method is applied to structured surveys with SMEs and farmers in Tokat. In this regard, financial support is defined as a service evaluated by a gap analysis. As a result, we show a lack of empathy and efficient communication between SMEs and supporting authorities, namely between KOSGEB and SMEs and between private banks and SMEs. The study is unique in bringing farmers and SMEs together and raising voices on the problems not mentioned previously by governmental and private authorities. The study finally proposes some additional insights into low carbon policy the focused economic region seeks to conform to global low carbon policy requirements.

Received: 27 October 2023 | Revised: 14 December 2023 | Accepted: 2 January 2024

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Impact of Social Media Sentiments on Stock Market Behavior: A Machine Learning Approach to Analyzing Market Dynamics

Theeshanthani Kandasamy — 2024-04-08

Social media has become a valuable tool for informed decision-making. This research delves into the influence of Twitter sentiments on the stock market’s movements and price fluctuations, specifically focusing on Tesla Inc and the tweets of Elon Musk. A combination of deductive and inductive reasoning approaches is used to explore the intricate relationship between the social media platform and the stock market. Methodologically, the Twitter data undergoes rigorous processing to derive features for the machine learning predictive model, and the sentiments are extracted using the Valence Aware Dictionary and Sentiment Reasoner (VADER) tool. This study emphasizes the usefulness of social media in predictive modeling while underscoring the importance of evaluating data reliability considering challenges such as spam tweets and geographical relevance. Multiple machine learning models are tested against four distinct datasets addressing the high stock price volatility. XG Boost and Random Forest Regressor emerge as the most effective performers, particularly when moving averages are included, showing enhanced performance. This research establishes an evident correlation between social media sentiments and stock market movements, however with limited predicting power. It is also noted that integrating traditional financial metrics enriches the understanding of stock market dynamics while enhancing the model’s predictability.

Received: 4 November 2023 | Revised: 13 March 2024 | Accepted: 1 April 2024

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support this work are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

Probabilistic Interpretation of Entrepreneurial Opportunity Using the Many-Worlds Model

David Leong — 2024-01-24

This research engages with the uncertainties and unknowable in entrepreneurship with literature on the philosophy of quantum mechanics in an analogical way. Often characterised as a journey into an uncertain future, entrepreneurship stands out as a dynamic and unpredictable domain driven by a compelling and indefinable force. This research’s central argument revolves around the notion that within the entrepreneurial landscape, many latent propensities exist, each carrying its distinct probability of manifesting into various outcomes. Unlike a deterministic process with a single predetermined outcome, entrepreneurship is a complex interplay of potentialities. To capture this multifaceted perspective, we leverage the principles and formalism of quantum mechanics, renowned for its emphasis on potentiality over actuality until subjected to observation and action. This philosophical framework describes the inherent potentialities embedded within entrepreneurial opportunities. This study introduces a groundbreaking Many-Worlds model inspired by the interpretations of quantum mechanics. In this model, the act of observation serves as a catalyst, unravelling a spectrum of potential outcomes, each characterised by its probability. These potentialities materialise based on entrepreneurs’ intentional actions and decisions, reflecting their commitment to shaping the future of their ventures. In summary, our study bridges the gap between entrepreneurship and quantum mechanics by proposing a novel framework that portrays entrepreneurship as an exploration of a quantum-like landscape of possibilities. By emphasising the significance of intentionality and action, our research sheds new light on entrepreneurship’s dynamic and unpredictable nature, illustrating how entrepreneurs play a pivotal role in transforming potential into reality.

Received: 8 November 2023 | Revised: 26 December 2023 | Accepted: 10 January 2024

Conflicts of Interest

The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Blockchain-Based NFT Warranty System: A Software Implementation

Aaliya Ali — 2024-01-11

As the e-commerce industry continues to grow, the challenges around warranty issuing and its management have become more significant. This research paper presents a software implementation of a Blockchain-based E-commerce warranty system that utilises Non-Fungible Tokens to simplify the warranty management process for both consumers and manufacturers. Its features include automatic warranty issuing, verification, transfer of ownership and warranty expiration. The system was made available as a service and was integrated into an existing E-commerce website clone to evaluate the ease of use. Additionally, a page listing all warranty NFTs owned by a user, irrespective of the e-commerce site of purchase, was created and linked to the original e-commerce website. As a result, the implemented system simplified the manufacturer/seller’s overhead of issuing and managing warranties and improved the user experience for consumers by showing all warranties owned by them in one place. This study illustrates the potential of public blockchains in the e-commerce sector, which has important implications for the use of blockchain-based warranty management systems.

Received: 15 November 2023 | Revised: 26 December 2023 | Accepted: 3 January 2024

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Analysis of Factors Affecting Purchase of Dietary Supplements

Sohela Malik — 2024-03-07

Today, the world is very competitive which forces an individual to live a stressful life, which leads to no other option but to compromise with the healthy habits. So in order to cope up with this situation, individuals are moving toward dietary supplements. Hence, a study is undertaken to know more about the dietary supplements and the boom in the health industry. Dietary supplements are characterized as any health product that is largely expected to enhance the eating regimen when taken in form of any tablet, capsules, pill, powder, or any other liquid. Presently, the utilization of dietary supplements is on increment around the world. This research will help in studying the early openness to healthful enhancements by possible shoppers and to identify their buying pattern. This research talks about the increasing intake of dietary supplements among the population of age group above 18 years. With the coronavirus pandemic, a few patterns have speed up, while shopper needs have changed in accordance with the emergency. Customers in India have started putting their well-being first, and this research demonstrates that respondents focus harder on a nutritious eating routine.

Received: 16 November 2023 | Revised: 23 January2024 | Accepted: 26 February 2024

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Protection of Trademark Rights on E-commerce Platforms: An Updated Outlook

Anna Pokrovskaya — 2024-03-12

The rise of e-commerce platforms has revolutionized the way businesses operate and engage with consumers. However, this digital landscape has brought about new challenges, particularly in the protection of trademark rights. With the increasing prevalence of counterfeit products and unauthorized sellers, it is crucial to address the issue and explore effective strategies to safeguard intellectual property in the online marketplace. This article aims to provide an updated outlook on the violation of trademark rights on e-commerce platforms. It delves into the complexities surrounding the identification, prevention, and enforcement of trademark infringement in the rapidly evolving digital ecosystem. By examining recent cases and developments in legal frameworks, this article seeks to shed light on the strategies employed by both brand owners and platforms to combat these infringements. This study examined and discussed the main types of trademark infringements in the online environment, such as selling counterfeit goods or gray imports, cybersquatting, domain infringements, illegal use of the trademark on the Internet, violations of the trademark rights on the website and etc. The article discusses whether the search engine will be held liable for placing contextual advertising using a keyword in the form of someone else's trademark. The article also analyzes issues of trademark infringement in the online environment in China by analyzing a couple of notable case studies, while exploring the issue of website blocking. As a result of the study, the authors proposed certain measures to combat the distribution of counterfeit products in the online environment to prevent further trademark infringement.

Received: 26 November 2023 | Revised: 31 January 2024 | Accepted: 26 February 2024

Conflicts of Interest

The author declares that she has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

The Need for the Green Economy Factors in Assessing the Development and Growth of Russian Raw Materials Companies

Vladimir Leonidovich Ulanov — 2024-03-01

Approaches to assessing economic development and growth in the context of transition to a green and low-carbon economy are considered on the example of the Russian raw materials business. The implementation of carbon regulation leads not only to the expected environmental results, but also to a change in market conditions. With the spread of protectionist measures and restrictions, the assessment of the former integral indicator is distorted. It is shown that the curtailment of long-term contracts for the supply of fossil fuels and restrictions on investments in traditional energy projects adjust the assessment. In this article, its author drew attention to the need to take into account the factors of the green economy in the context of the development and growth of Russian developing companies. Indices, ratings, as well as such indicator systems as ESG may be of interest as a criterion of success. One of the factors of sustainable development and growth of raw materials companies is the number of proven reserves of recoverable resources, the potential of hard-to-recover resource and the inability to reproduce natural resources. Based on the analysis of dependencies, it is proposed to develop strategies, which allow us to identify new opportunities. The system for assessing economic development and economic growth of raw materials and energy companies, built on a single-criterion approach, should consider the conditions of subsurface use, the level of reserves, and use additional indicators to consider the impact of external circumstances. The assessment of the Russian raw materials and energy business on market principles may show negative dynamics in the short term, but in the long term, expectations are optimistic. This situation is largely explained by the inconsistency of the set goals for climate protection and the delay or inadequacy of actions taken as an example.

Received: 5 December 2023 | Revised: 18 January 2024 | Accepted: 5 February 2024

Conflicts of Interest

The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

The Influence of Internal Corporate Social Responsibility Factors on the Innovation Climate of Employees in the Healthcare Industry

Asifa Younas — 2024-04-09

This study examined the relationship between employee innovation and employee-initiated corporate social responsibility (CSR) elements in medical diagnostic enterprises in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research identified nine variables of employee-driven CSR, including communication, empowerment, and work satisfaction. Theoretical framework of the study based on theory of corporate social responsibility and expectancy theory of motivation. It evaluated their effects on the atmosphere for employee innovation using statistical analysis by using SPSS and after collecting data by using a survey questionnaire. The study population was employees working in the healthcare industry in Pakistan. The findings showed that employee-driven CSR and innovation were significantly correlated, with work satisfaction having the most impact. Overall, this quantitative study provides important insights for both theoretical understanding and practical application in fostering innovation through CSR initiatives. It emphasizes the critical role of job satisfaction as a key motivating factor for innovation within the framework of employee-driven CSR in the medical diagnostics sector.

Received: 12 December 2023 | Revised: 4 March 2024 | Accepted: 1 April 2024

Conflicts of Interest

The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support this work are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

Transcendental Leadership and Performance: Role of Workplace Spirituality and Corporate Social Responsibility

Saba Riaz — 2024-03-19

Leadership styles outline the routes used by managers and employees to reach their desired goal of long-term success. Researchers argued that the compartmentalized components of transactional, transformational, and servant leadership fail to take into consideration the complexities of leaders and followers. Considering the alarming rise of corrupt and selfish leaders in recent years, this research examined a potential countermeasure by investigating the impact of transcendental leadership (TL) on task (TPC) and contextual (OPC) performance. Additionally, the mediating role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and moderating role of workplace spirituality (WS) is also investigated in Pakistani industries. The data was collected from 266 respondents and analyzed using hierarchical regression analyses. The results indicated that TL has significant impact on TPC and OPC, whereas CSR mediates the relationship of TL and performance dimensions. Also, workplace spirituality strengthens the relationship between TL and CSR. We propose implications for practicing managers and researchers hereunder.

Received: 16 December 2023 | Revised: 6 February 2024 | Accepted: 28 February 2024

Conflicts of Interest

The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support this work are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

Fan Art in E-Commerce Marketplace Copyright Protection: A Study of the Chinese Experience

Anna Pokrovskaya — 2024-04-10

This research article aims to explore the Chinese experience in dealing with fan art within the copyright protection framework on e-commerce marketplaces. The findings highlight the complex relationship between fan art, copyright infringement, and e-commerce platforms in China. While fan art has become a significant cultural phenomenon and a means of artistic expression, it often infringes upon the copyrights of the original creators. The article examines the legal implications and challenges associated with fan art, focusing on its impact on intellectual property rights and the e-commerce environment. Furthermore, the study analyzes the measures taken by Chinese e-commerce marketplaces and the government to address the issue of copyright infringement in fan art. The research evaluates the effectiveness of existing copyright protection mechanisms, such as takedown notices, filtering technologies, and legal enforcement actions. This article investigates the Chinese experience in dealing with fan art within the copyright protection framework on e-commerce platforms. The article also explores the impact of Chinese internet culture and the attitudes of fan artists and consumers towards copyright protection. Additionally, it investigates the opinions and experiences of copyright holders in relation to fan art on e-commerce platforms. Overall, this research article provides valuable insights into the Chinese experience of addressing fan art within the copyright protection system on e-commerce marketplaces. By understanding the challenges and potential solutions, policymakers, copyright holders, and e-commerce platform operators can gain perspectives and develop strategies for adapting copyright protection mechanisms in the digital era.

Received: 24 December 2023 | Revised: 28 February 2024 | Accepted: 16 March 2024

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support this work are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

An Optimized Product Delivery System for RedX Using Drones: A Case Study

Aizizul Haque Raza — 2024-04-24

This research aims to create a drone delivery system to meet the e-commerce industry's growing need for quicker and more effective product delivery. Even though using drones for deliveries has drawn a lot of interest, developing an efficient delivery system is complicated due to factors including drone range limitations, frequent charging, and restricted airspace. However, only few studies have considered these factors. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive approach that accounts for several variables, including the position of the drone stations, the warehouse's location, the closest drone station to the delivery destination, and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) restricted areas. The study presents a heuristic approach for choosing drone station locations, an algorithm to find the drone station closest to the delivery location, and the K-means clustering technique for determining the optimum warehouse location. Additionally, safety and privacy are crucial considerations, and the study uses the A* search algorithm to avoid restricted areas during the deliveries. Finally, a cost analysis was done to understand the financial feasibility of this study and our delivery system will minimize the delivery cost by 47% approximately. The proposed method provides a time-efficient and profit-maximizing delivery service that can revolutionize the industry and improve customer satisfaction.

Received: 4 January 2024 | Revised: 27 February 2024 | Accepted: 16 March 2024

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

A Structural Equation Model Study for Adoption of Internet of Things for the Growth of Manufacturing Industries in Australia

Abhishek Mitra — 2024-04-15

This research study delves into the integration of IoT within the Australian manufacturing sector, analyzing five key factors influencing adoption and drawing comparisons with Rogers' innovation theory. Its objectives encompass assessing how competitiveness, regulatory support, management support, manufacturing growth, and cost savings affect IoT adoption. Methodologically, the research journey includes defining the problem, conducting a thorough literature review, crafting a research proposal, executing pilot and main studies, validating findings, and ultimately composing the final thesis. Quantitative data obtained from a large pool of over 500 respondents shed light on the positive impacts of competitiveness, regulatory support, and cost savings on IoT adoption. Additionally, the study employs Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) to underscore the significance of management support in successful IoT implementation. Despite facing limitations such as common method bias and constraints on generalizability, the research underscores the transformative potential of IoT in enhancing operational efficiency and decision-making within Australian manufacturing. Overall, the study's findings confirm the significant influence of key factors on IoT adoption, affirming its potential to drive competitiveness, regulatory compliance, cost efficiency, and growth within the Australian manufacturing landscape.

Received: 17 January 2024 | Revised: 20 March 2024 | Accepted: 31 March 2024

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Dynamic Pricing Model for E-Commerce Products Based on DDQN

Junyan Sun — 2024-05-07

This paper addresses the challenges of intense price competition, price elasticity, and significant demand fluctuations in e-commerce product markets by adopting a dynamic pricing approach. Focusing on a product from the JD.com e-commerce platform, historical data spanning the past three years are analyzed, considering factors such as shipping costs, product inventory, product costs, and the impact of holidays. The study employs the Double Deep Q Network (DDQN) for dynamic pricing optimization of the product and compares its performance with the DQN model. The results indicate that both the DQN algorithm and DDQN algorithm lead to varying degrees of profit improvement for dynamic pricing of products. Specifically, the pricing profit with the DQN algorithm increased by an average of 1.925% compared to the original pricing profit, while the pricing profit with the DDQN algorithm increased by an average of 11.975% compared to the original pricing profit. These findings demonstrate practical significance.

Received: 6 March 2024 | Revised: 1 April 2024 | Accepted: 28 April 2024

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support this work are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.